James webb space telescope 😍

    James Webb Space Telescope 

●Launch - 25 december 2021 from French Guiana also called as Europe's Spaceport.

Courtesy:NASA

●Time to reach in orbit -  James webb telescope has started its journey on 25 december 2021 and took one month to reach its destination[L2 point]. Successfully it reached on 24 january 2022. 

●Budget   -  $10 billion. 

The reason why it is so expensive and costly to nasa is that nasa and its supportive companies spent alomost 2 decades in building and testing each and every single instrument used in the telescope to make it the most succesful telescope ever. Nasa performed almost 300 potential failures tests.

Courtesy : NASA

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💙Mission Mangal 

●Which lights it can see?    Infrared light.

Planets emits a variety of rays which includes infrared, X-rays{earth and mars}, gamma rays etc. Infrared is one among them which can be detected through the sensors used in telescope . Hubble space telescope was also able to see lights rays coming from 13.7 billion years ago but according to Nasa james telescope will be able to see nearly a quarter of billion years after the big bang and able to observe the formation of early galaxies and early stars. Some sort of light coming far from the outer space for example it it coming from 13.4 billion years ago, with the help of this light we can observe how the early stars and planetary systems were formed. When we see a star twinkling in a clear night we are actually looking into our past. This light was emitted by a star millions of light years away travelling millions of kilometers with the speed of light{ c = 3 × 10 ^7 m/s }. With the help of this we can imagine how big and vast our universe is.

●Why it is named James telescope? 

It is named after James E Webb. He was the administrator of NASA during various space missions and successful programs such as ercury, Gemini, Apollo programs from 1961 to 1988.

●Amazing features - 

1.It has 18 hexagonal mirrors of berrylium coated with 24 carat gold which is a very goodd reflector.

2.Its mass is almost half of the another successful telescope i.e., the hubble space telescope. It has approx. mass of 6200 kg with launching vehicle and orbit consumables {650 kg primary mirrors} 

3.It can see objects 100 times more clearly then the hubble space telescope  .

4.A sun shield is used to protect the telescope from the sun's heat which is made up of 5 layers of kapton{commercially available polyimide film}with silicon coating.

5.It is orbiting at 1.5 miilion kilometeres away from Earth at the L2 point.

6.NASA took 25 years for its special design and development to beat up the potential failures which can ruin the whole mission.

7.It works at -266.75°C {6.4K}

●Source of energy - It uses solar energy as its source.

Courtesy : omniseal solutions

●Does only Nasa leads this mission alone ?

No, NASA along wih ESA and CSA running this incredible mission. 

●Instruments used -

1.NIRCamn {Near infrared camera}

2. NIRSpec{Near infrared spectrograph} 

3.MIRI{Mid infrared instrument}

4.FGS/NIRISS - Fine guidance sensors/near infrared imager and slitless spectrograph.

●Aim of project -   

●According to NASA, observation of formation of first stars and planetary systems, nebulas etc.

●It will identify various physical and chemical properties of planetary systems.

●L2 point   {Lagrange point}

This point will let the telescope protect the telescope from the side of sun which helps it iin focusing far cosmic objects very clearly that might be difficult when there is fox on telescope or high intensity of light. this point rotates parallel to the earth masking the telescope in a shadowed region.

Courtesy- NASA

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